A recent study found that 26 million American adults have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Considered a silent killer, a majority of the adults didn’t know they had it, since most people feel fine until it’s advanced. The prevelance of CKD has risen to one in every 7 to 8 adults - a figure likely to increase due to high obesity rates (1/3 of all adults), diabetes, high blood pressure and the aging of the Baby Boom generation.
The kidneys are bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They’re located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage. Every day, the kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood, sifting out about 2 quarts of waste products and extra water. The waste and extra water become urine, which flows to the bladder where urine is stored until it needs to be emptied. Waste in the blood comes from the normal breakdown of active tissues and food consumption. The body uses food for energy and self-repair. After it takes what it needs from the food, waste is sent to the blood. If the kidneys did not remove these wastes, such as excess sodium, phosphorus, and potassium, the wastes would build up in the blood and damage your body.
Primary causes or risk factors of CKD include diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, a family history of kidney disease and age over 60. Secondary risk factors include obesity, autoimmune diseases, urinary tract infections, systemic infections, and kidney loss, damage, injury or infection.
Most people have no symptoms until CKD is advanced. Advanced signs include swollen ankles, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, decreased appetite, blood in the urine and foamy urine. Health complications caused by CKD include anemia, bone disorders, malnutrition, loss of kidney function, cardiovascular disease or death.
CKD cannot usually be cured, which is why early detection is so crucial, allowing more time for interventions which can slow its progress.
If you have any risk factors, you should get tested. The two most essential tests include a urine test, to detect the presence of a protein called albumin, by measuring the ratio of albumin to creatinine (a normal waste product); a blood test measures the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - the best measure of kidney function, determines how well the kidneys filter creatinine out of the blood. If a test indicates you may have CKD, schedule another test, within the appropriate time frame as designated by your doctor. The two of you should also discuss and adjust medications you’re taking to reduce stress on your kidneys.
Source: www.kidney.org
